next

Vertical motion

Vertical launching of a ball.


When we launch a ball at modest speed vertically into the air, it will eventually return back to us due to gravity. As an example, let us consider a solid metal ball which is thrown upward into the air with a speed of 20 m/s, equivalent to 72 km/h. Below you find some measurements about its height above the position where it is launched at certain instants of time after it has been launched.

instant of time (s)
height of ball (m)
0.0
0.0
1.0
15.10
2.0
20.40
3.0
15.89
4.0
1.58


We observe that the metal ball must have reached the starting point a few milliseconds after the instant t=4.0 s. Hence, its highest position will have occurred at the instant of about t=2.0 s at a height of a little more than y=20 m.
A more precise value for the time at which the ball reached the starting point, is given at the next page. We obtain there a value of t=4.08 s. Using the formula g=2v0/t, we find for the acceleration of gravity the value g=9.8 m/s2.


average velocity